9 GLOBAL OBJECTIVES TO REDUCE DEATHS PREMATURE
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Noncommunicable diseases prematurely kill 16 million lives each year.
Is urgent action by the government to reduce the impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and prevent 16 million people die prematurely every year before the age of 70, due to heart disease, pulmonary, stroke, cancer, diabetes. And 'what emerges from a new report by the WHO, the World Health Organization. "The global community has the opportunity to change the course of events," says Director General Margaret Chan, who launched the "Global Status Report on NCDs 2014". "By investing a few dollars US $ 1-3 per person per year, countries can dramatically reduce illness and death from non-communicable diseases. In 2015, each country must set national targets and implement concrete actions. Otherwise, millions of lives will continue to be lost too soon "
With ten years of global effort to reduce premature deaths from NCDs by 25% by 2025, the report provides a new perspective. Premature deaths can be greatly reduced through government policies that reduce the consumption of tobacco, alcohol, poor diet, physical inactivity, and providing better health care.
Need more action to curb the epidemic, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where deaths due to noncommunicable diseases are exceeding those for infectious diseases. Nearly three-quarters of all deaths (28 million), and 82% of the 16 million premature deaths per year, occur in low- and middle-income countries.
The WHO report provides baselines for the implementation of the "Global Plan of Action for non-communicable diseases", aimed at reducing the number of premature deaths from NCDs by 25% by 2025. There are nine global objectives related to many risk factors, including smoking, excess salt, physical inactivity, high blood pressure and alcohol consumption.
9 The overall objectives are:
Objective 1: a 25% reduction in the risk of premature mortality from cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases
Objective 2: a 10% reduction of the harmful use of alcohol
Objective 3: a 10% reduction of physical inactivity
Goal 4: a 30% reduction in salt intake
Goal 5: a 30% reduction of tobacco consumption
Goal 6: a reduction of 25% of cases of high blood pressure / hypertension
Goal 7: halt the rise of diabetes and obesity
Goal 8: receipt by at least 50% of people in the target of drug therapy and counseling to prevent heart attacks and strokes
Objective 9: availability of 80% of basic technologies and affordable essential drugs, including generic drugs needed to treat major non-communicable diseases in public and private facilities
"Our world possesses the knowledge and resources to reach the global targets by 2025," says Oleg Chestnov, Assistant Director-General for Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health. "The failure of the objectives would be unacceptable. If we lose this opportunity to set national targets in 2015 and work to achieve them by 2025, we will have missed one of the major challenges for development in the 21st century."
The report provides high-impact interventions, including: a ban on all forms of tobacco advertising, the replacement of trans fats with polyunsaturated fats, the ban on alcohol advertisements, prevention / information of heart attacks and stroke, promotion of breastfeeding, the implementation of public awareness programs on diet and physical activity, the prevention of cervical cancer through screening. Many countries have already been successful in the implementation of some of these interventions to achieve the overall objectives.
Examples:
In Brazil, the mortality rate is decreasing by 1.8% per year in part due to the improvement of basic health care.
Turkey was the first country to implement all the measures for reducing tobacco. In 2012, the country has increased the size of warning labels on packages now covering 65% of the total area of each tobacco product. Tobacco taxes now account for 80% of total retail sales, and there is currently a total ban on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship at the national level. Consequently, the country has seen a decrease of 13.4% of smoking rates compared to 2008-2012.
Hungary has passed a bill to tax components food and beverages with a high health risk, such as sugar, salt and caffeine. A year later, 40% of the producers changed the product formula to reduce harmful ingredients, sales decreased by 27% and people have consumed 25-35% less products.
Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Canada, Mexico and the United States has promoted the reduction of salt in packaged foods and bread. Argentina, in particular, has already achieved a 25% reduction of the content of salt in bread.
Although some countries are making progress towards the overall objectives, most are off course. While 167 countries have operational units in the ministry of health, the progress in many other countries, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, are almost non-existent. From December 2013 today only:
70 countries had a national operational plan in line with the Global Plan of Action
56 countries have a plan to reduce physical inactivity
60 countries have national plans for reducing unhealthy diets
69 countries have a plan to reduce the burden of tobacco use
66 countries had a plan to reduce the harmful use of alcohol
42 countries have monitoring systems to report on nine global objectives.
When people get sick and die in the prime of their lives, the cost of treatment can be very heavy for both the individual and for the country's health system. The WHO estimates that the cost of reducing the global burden of disease is equal to 11.2 billion dollars a year: an annual investment of US $ 1-3 per capita.
Source: Worldhealth
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