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Previous studies suggest that the risk of cancer localized in an area of ​​the body is greater in subjects with a family history of cancer in the same area of the body.

Researchers at the Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri ( Italy ) analyzed data collected on participants in a network of studies conducted between 1991 and 2009 , which included 12,647 cancer patients identified in hospitals in Italy and in the Canton of Vaud in Switzerland, and 11,557 control subjects.The team collected data from all participants: incidents of cancer in first-degree relatives , information about socio-demographic characteristics , anthropometric measures , lifestyle habits and food , personal medical history. For each relative with a history of cancer , the participant was asked, vital status at the time of the interview , the current age or age at death of cancer, and age at diagnosis . 

A family history of cancer, wherever it is located , has been associated with an increased risk of cancer in the same place , and the risk is even higher when the participant has less than 60 years.

For example, the odds ratio for ovarian cancer, given a family history of the disease, it is 20.1 when the participant is under age 60 and 3.2 when it has more than 60 years.

But the researchers also found a significant increase in risk for:

Cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx given a family history of cancer of the larynx, with an odds ratio of 3.3
Esophageal cancer, given a family history of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, where the odds ratio was 4.1
Breast cancer , given a family history of colorectal cancer or tumors hemolymphopoietic, where the odds ratios were 1.5 and 1.7 , respectively
Ovarian cancer in the light of a family history of breast cancer, with an odds ratio of 2.3
Prostate cancer, given a first-degree relative with cancer of the bladder, where the odds ratio was 3.4


The study's authors argue that : " A family history of cancer increases the risk of developing the same type of cancer for next of kin , but our results indicate the existence of several potential tumor syndromes that appear between close relatives and can indicate the presence of genetic factors that influence most cancer sites. "

There may be "cancer syndromes" between close relatives, according to Eva Negri , ScD , of the Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research in Milan, and colleagues, which may indicate the presence of genetic factors that influence different types of cancer.

The findings could help researchers to "focus on the identification of additional genetic causes of cancer and optimizing screening and diagnosis," said Negri in a statement.


Source: Worldhealth




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